Journal Description
Sustainability
Sustainability
is an international, peer-reviewed, open-access journal on environmental, cultural, economic, and social sustainability of human beings, published semimonthly online by MDPI. The Canadian Urban Transit Research & Innovation Consortium (CUTRIC), International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction (CIB) and Urban Land Institute (ULI) are affiliated with Sustainability and their members receive discounts on the article processing charges.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE and SSCI (Web of Science), GEOBASE, GeoRef, Inspec, AGRIS, RePEc, CAPlus / SciFinder, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q2 (Environmental Studies) / CiteScore - Q1 (Geography, Planning and Development)
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 18.8 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 3.6 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
- Testimonials: See what our editors and authors say about Sustainability.
- Companion journals for Sustainability include: World, Sustainable Chemistry, Conservation, Future Transportation, Architecture, Standards, Merits and Wind.
Impact Factor:
3.9 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
4.0 (2022)
Latest Articles
Assessing Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing for Urban Air Taxi Services: Key Parameters and Future Transportation Impact
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4732; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114732 (registering DOI) - 2 Jun 2024
Abstract
Urban air mobility (UAM) enabled by electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft presents an innovative transportation system for mega-cities. An analysis of the techno-economic feasibility of eVTOL air taxis can provide insights into the development and potential impacts of this emerging mobility
[...] Read more.
Urban air mobility (UAM) enabled by electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft presents an innovative transportation system for mega-cities. An analysis of the techno-economic feasibility of eVTOL air taxis can provide insights into the development and potential impacts of this emerging mobility solution. This study examines eVTOL configurations and proposes a conceptual model for eVTOL air taxi services. A generic cost–revenue model is developed to evaluate the economic feasibility using the rate of return-on-investment approach. Two critical parameters are identified—maximum voyage and price per kilometer. The modeling analysis shows that eVTOL air taxis can achieve a positive rate of return given realistic assumptions on the critical parameters. Reductions in operating costs and increases in maximum voyage range improve financial viability. With technological advancement, eVTOL air taxis are expected to transform urban transportation by increasing capacity and flexibility. The techno-economic analysis provides useful implications for urban planning and policy regarding this innovative mobility mode.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability in Air Transport and Multimodality)
►
Show Figures
Open AccessArticle
Empowering Urban Public Transport Planning Process for Medium-Sized Cities in Developing Countries: Innovative Decision Support Framework for Sustainability
by
Natthapoj Faiboun, Pongrid Klungboonkrong, Rungsun Udomsri and Sittha Jaensirisak
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4731; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114731 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
The challenges resulting from rapid economic growth, urbanization, and increased motorization in developing nations necessitate a comprehensive and sustainable approach to urban public transport planning. While sustainable urban public transport (SUPT) planning offers a solution, the complexity of choosing suitable policy measure options
[...] Read more.
The challenges resulting from rapid economic growth, urbanization, and increased motorization in developing nations necessitate a comprehensive and sustainable approach to urban public transport planning. While sustainable urban public transport (SUPT) planning offers a solution, the complexity of choosing suitable policy measure options remains a challenge. This study first introduces a decision support framework (DSF) that integrates the sustainable urban public transport manual (SUPTM) adopted for generating the potential SUPT policy measure options, the KonSULT knowledge base applied for providing the performance scores of each measure option for all determined criteria, and the HMADM (including FAHP, FSM, and TOPSIS) technique to create, rank, and select SUPT policy measure options tailored to medium-sized urban areas in developing nations. A case study of Khon Kaen City, Thailand, illustrates the practical application of the framework, resulting in a set of 31 (91.2%) out of the total of 34 ranked policy measure options. Comparing these prioritizations with the city’s existing plan reveals a substantial agreement, which suggests the potential applicability of the DSF. Overall, the DSF marks a significant advancement in SUPT planning, which is crucial for shaping efficient, equitable, and environmentally conscious urban mobility in developing countries, which are undergoing transformative change.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Collection Sustainable Public Transport in Urban Areas – Optimization, Management and Development)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Evaluation and Spatial–Temporal Pattern Evolution of Synergy Degree of Emergency Management for Urban Flood Disasters from the Perspective of Sustainable Development—The Case of Henan, China
by
Yu Hao, Chen Wang, Chaolun Sun and Delin Liu
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4730; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114730 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
The management of urban flood disasters is a systematic engineering project that requires a great amount of manpower, material resources, and financial resources, and the interaction and coordination degrees of various elements in the system deeply affect the efficiency of the final governance.
[...] Read more.
The management of urban flood disasters is a systematic engineering project that requires a great amount of manpower, material resources, and financial resources, and the interaction and coordination degrees of various elements in the system deeply affect the efficiency of the final governance. According to the theories of synergy, composite systems, and sustainable development, this research first established an evaluation index system to determine the synergy degree of urban flood disaster emergency management from the four dimensions of prevention and preparation, monitoring and early warning, response and rescue, and recovery and reconstruction. Then, the synergy degree was explored by using the developed composite system synergy degree model on the basis of the panel data of 18 prefecture-level cities in Henan Province from 2013 to 2021, and synergy level change characteristics were analyzed from the perspectives of time and space. Finally, the obstacle degree model was applied to explore the obstacle factors affecting synergy degree development. The results showed that the overall level of the urban flood disaster emergency management coordination degree in Henan Province was relatively low, and there were significant differences in synergy among cities. Among them, 12 cities presented mild synergy, and 6 cities showed mild nonsynergy. The spatial correlation of the synergy degree was not stable, which revealed a lack of mature coordination mechanisms for flood disaster emergency management among cities. The analysis of obstacle factors showed that recovery and reconstruction subsystems were the main obstacle systems that affected the synergy degree.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sustainability and Applications)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Towards Sustainable Urban Mobility: Voronoi-Based Spatial Analysis of EV Charging Stations in Bangkok
by
Sornkitja Boonprong, Nathapat Punturasan, Pariwate Varnakovida and Wichien Prechathamwong
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4729; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114729 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
This study leverages the efficacy of Voronoi diagram theory within a mixed-methods approach to thoroughly examine the spatial distribution, service coverage, and optimal locations for expanding electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure in Bangkok. Drawing on data from field surveys and public data providers,
[...] Read more.
This study leverages the efficacy of Voronoi diagram theory within a mixed-methods approach to thoroughly examine the spatial distribution, service coverage, and optimal locations for expanding electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure in Bangkok. Drawing on data from field surveys and public data providers, our analysis unfolds in four key stages. Firstly, we delve into the spatial distribution of charging stations, scrutinizing density, proximity to various road types, and land use through the lens of Voronoi diagrams. Secondly, the application of Voronoi diagrams informs the evaluation of service boundaries. Thirdly, utilizing this effective tool, we assess population density per parking slot or charging head to anticipate future EV adoption. Finally, the study introduces an approach to identify suitable locations for new charging stations through the application of overlapping Voronoi circles. Findings reveal a clustered distribution of charging stations along roads, particularly in the central business district, showcasing the efficiency of Voronoi diagrams in spatial analysis. Residential areas and urban commercial zones also host significant charging station concentrations. Notably, service coverage in inner Bangkok surpasses that of middle and outer areas, highlighting underserved regions. Prospective areas for new charging stations, identified through Voronoi analysis, include Bang Khae, Phra Khanong, Min Buri, and Huai Khwang. This research, rooted in the application of Voronoi diagram theory, offers vital insights for various stakeholders involved in urban infrastructure planning. By employing Voronoi diagrams within Geographic Information Systems (GIS), the study contributes to strategically placing charging stations, optimizing spatial understanding, and enhancing resource allocation. This GIS-based approach not only supports the rise of electric vehicles but also promotes sustainable urban development practices through the efficient utilization of spatial data and analysis techniques.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Towards Sustainable Urban Transport System)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Forecasting and Mapping the Environmental and Health Impacts of Sustainable Regional Transport Policies
by
Rita Prior Filipe, Andrew Heath, Nick McCullen and Theresa Smith
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4728; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114728 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
Research on evaluating sustainable transport policies is predominantly focused on their urban effects, often overlooking similar challenges in suburban and rural mobility. Therefore, the development of regionally integrated sustainable transport strategies becomes essential to comprehensively address these concerns. This study aims to bridge
[...] Read more.
Research on evaluating sustainable transport policies is predominantly focused on their urban effects, often overlooking similar challenges in suburban and rural mobility. Therefore, the development of regionally integrated sustainable transport strategies becomes essential to comprehensively address these concerns. This study aims to bridge this gap by introducing a GIS-supported methodology that combines multiple linear regressions with hazard ratio models to quantify and map the impacts of environmentally driven regional transport policies on air pollution and human health. The main findings of an illustrative case study highlighted the importance of stronger efforts to promote the transition to shared and active transport and address the articulation between urban and rural mobility. This study offers a novel contribution to transport researchers and policymakers by proposing a methodology that (1) forecasts the impacts of regional transport policies using open data and software, ensuring its applicability for diverse regional settings, (2) provides the results in quantitative and visual formats, facilitating output analysis and visualisation and, consequently, decision-making and public consultation on proposed sustainable transport policies, and (3) sets the groundwork for including future transport-related dimensions.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Transportation)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Short Cold Storage as a Sustainable Postharvest Handling Method for Natural Enrichment in Antioxidants of Fresh and Dried Walnut Kernels—Cultivar Effect
by
Miltiadis V. Christopoulos, Mina Kafkaletou, Anna Velliou and Eleni Tsantili
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4727; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114727 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
Fresh (raw, non-dried) walnuts (kernel moisture > 17%) have unique sensory and nutritional attributes but a narrow time availability due to their rapid deterioration during storage. In the present study, the storage (1 °C, 90% RH) potential of fresh walnuts for 20 and
[...] Read more.
Fresh (raw, non-dried) walnuts (kernel moisture > 17%) have unique sensory and nutritional attributes but a narrow time availability due to their rapid deterioration during storage. In the present study, the storage (1 °C, 90% RH) potential of fresh walnuts for 20 and 40 days was assessed in relation to cultivar (Chandler, Hartley, Ioli) and the form of exposure to storage (shelled or in-shell). The effect of low-temperature exposure (at 1 °C for 0, 10 and 20 days) before nut drying was also examined. Fresh walnuts from different cultivars showed diverse quality (size, color) and physiological (respiration, weight loss) traits. Using a very low storage temperature (1 °C) was feasible to store fresh walnuts marginally up to 40 days without losing the ‘fresh’ character. The form of in-shell storage compared with shelled ones helped to determine the retention of kernel moisture and had a mild protective role in the prevention of kernel browning. The storage of fresh walnuts at 1 °C resulted in increased total phenolics (TP, by 26% in average) and antioxidant capacity (by 46%, in average) of the kernels, supporting the improvement of nutritional value due to low temperatures. The dried kernels after this short cold storage showed increased TP levels by 35–40% in comparison with conventional dried ones. Therefore, the 10 d cold exposure could be proposed as a sustainable step for incorporation in the regular postharvest handling chain for the natural enrichment of fresh and dried kernels in antioxidants.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Food)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Efficiency of the Integrated Production Systems: Evidence from the Winegrowing Firms in Italy
by
Ruggiero Sardaro, Daniela Panio, Paweł Chmieliński and Piermichele La Sala
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4726; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114726 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
In Italy, the environmental sustainability of the agricultural sector is regulated by the National Integrated Production Quality System. It is the foundation of the regional Integrated Production Regulations (IPRs), which identify voluntary agronomic strategies on the use of pesticides, fertilisers, and irrigation water,
[...] Read more.
In Italy, the environmental sustainability of the agricultural sector is regulated by the National Integrated Production Quality System. It is the foundation of the regional Integrated Production Regulations (IPRs), which identify voluntary agronomic strategies on the use of pesticides, fertilisers, and irrigation water, as well as on soil and plant management. The aim is a reduction in the environmental impacts of the agricultural processes and an increase in the production quality. However, the direct relationship between environmental and economic sustainability of the regional IPRs is not obvious and its absence could weaken the economic efficiency of firms. The study, through the stochastic frontier (SF) method, investigates the possible inefficiencies of the regional winegrowing firms that voluntarily adhere to the Apulian IPRs. The results highlight that some measures in the IPRs aimed at preserving the local agroecosystems (soil management and use of resistant varieties) are efficient, therefore allowing for an increase in the production value and quality. On the contrary, crucial measures concerning the management of irrigation water and pesticides decrease efficiency. Thus, more thoughtful measures are requested by policy makers to improve the economic impacts of the regional IPRs on firms and to make possible a certain convergence between environmental and economic sustainability.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Agriculture and Agri-Food)
Open AccessSystematic Review
Environmental Drivers, Environmental Practices, and Business Performance: A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Directions
by
Efthymia Iliopoulou, Aspasia Vlachvei and Eirini Koronaki
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4725; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114725 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
Internal and external pressures urge businesses to adopt sustainable practices and compel them to manage natural resources for enhanced performance. The objective of this literature review research was to investigate the stakeholders influencing companies to embrace environmental practices, document existing environmental practices, and
[...] Read more.
Internal and external pressures urge businesses to adopt sustainable practices and compel them to manage natural resources for enhanced performance. The objective of this literature review research was to investigate the stakeholders influencing companies to embrace environmental practices, document existing environmental practices, and investigate the effects of these practices on business performance. This study spans a 25-year period, from 1998 to 2023, utilizing articles sourced from the Scopus database. The novelty of this research is that (a) each dimension—drivers, environmental practices, and performances—is individually examined, as well as in combination; (b) environmental practices are categorized based on the value chain framework, across the different stages of business operations; and (c) it includes analysis of the effects of each of the environmental practices on all three types of performance—environmental, financial, and non-financial. This research is presented with its findings and highlights the gaps in the existing literature. This work discusses the implications of this research for academics and managers.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability)
Open AccessArticle
Impacts of Environmental Knowledge, Motives, and Behavior on Ecotourism
by
K. Deshika De S. Jayasekara, Darshana Rajapaksa and U. A. D. Prasanthi Gunawardena
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4724; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114724 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
Trip cost indirectly reflects the perceived value (PV) related to a tourist destination, which can be influenced by knowledge, motivation, and behavior. This research investigated the relationship between PV and pro-environmental behavior (PEB). Moreover, the influence of environmental knowledge and motives on PEB
[...] Read more.
Trip cost indirectly reflects the perceived value (PV) related to a tourist destination, which can be influenced by knowledge, motivation, and behavior. This research investigated the relationship between PV and pro-environmental behavior (PEB). Moreover, the influence of environmental knowledge and motives on PEB was ascertained. Hikkaduwa National Park, Sri Lanka, was considered as a case study, and 235 visitors were interviewed for data collection. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was developed based on the proposed hypotheses. The average individual cost of traveling of local tourists is USD 4.7, which reflects the PV. The results revealed that motivation directly and indirectly impacts PV, and PEB positively influences PV. Environmental knowledge does not positively influence either PEB or PV. Motivating individuals to participate in environment-related activities is important for encouraging PEB and positively impacting value perception. As PEB influences PV in ecotourism areas, eco-friendly individuals will visit these areas as they value them more. Anthropogenic impacts are minimized if the visitors are environmentally friendly. Accordingly, this study highlights the desirability of promoting ecotourism and PEB for the environmental sustainability of marine habitats. The management of ecotourism destinations can develop strategies to use PEB to ensure the long-term survival of these areas.
Full article
Open AccessArticle
Assessing Reusable Packaging: The Importance of Methodological Choices in Carbon Footprint Calculation
by
Till Zimmermann and Fynn Hauschke
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4723; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114723 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
The reliability and clarity of environmental assessments represent an important prerequisite for measures towards the sustainable transformation of our economic system. Studies examining the environmental performance of reusables are often used to derive arguments for and against their use. Accordingly, it is important
[...] Read more.
The reliability and clarity of environmental assessments represent an important prerequisite for measures towards the sustainable transformation of our economic system. Studies examining the environmental performance of reusables are often used to derive arguments for and against their use. Accordingly, it is important to have clarity about the influence of methodological decisions on the results of such studies. This paper analyses possible approaches to the allocation of environmental impacts of transport processes to reusable shipping packaging in the context of parcel deliveries. A model was developed to conduct comparative analyses of carbon emissions (carbon footprint) from the use of single-use vs. reusable shipping packaging and was subsequently applied to two reusable shipping packaging systems currently available on the market. The results showed that using different allocation models led to significant variations in the results for the carbon footprint of the analysed packaging (single-use and reusable), while at the same time, the calculated environmental break-even point in the comparison between the single-use and reusable options remained rather stable. The results highlight the importance of a clear and standardized methodological framework for the communication of footprint information for reusable shipping packaging. Moreover, for determining the environmental break-even point, the results suggest that aspects like the comparison scenario (i.e., the selection of the single-use packaging) are more important than the methodological choice of the allocation model for transportation processes.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainability: Resources and Waste Management)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guizhou Rocky Desertification Area
by
Lixin Wu, Guanglei Yang and Xiaowei Chen
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4722; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114722 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
The Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guizhou rocky desertification area is characterized by a fragile ecological environment, along with the inhabitation of many ethnic minorities, making it the region with the most poverty-alleviation targets among the 14 concentrated poverty-stricken areas in China. However, this area
[...] Read more.
The Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guizhou rocky desertification area is characterized by a fragile ecological environment, along with the inhabitation of many ethnic minorities, making it the region with the most poverty-alleviation targets among the 14 concentrated poverty-stricken areas in China. However, this area has obvious cultural resources, but it lacks systematic study. Therefore, integral investigation and research which can promote the sustainable development with abundant culture resource should pay more attention to it. This study, with 1113 national and provincial intangible cultural heritage projects in this area as research objects, used ArcGIS to visualize their geographic data for research. Geodetector was used to quantify the influence of relevant factors and analyze the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of intangible cultural heritage in this region. By providing a correlative strategy, the aim is to promote the coordinated development of the regional cultural economy. The results are as follows: (1) Guizhou exhibits the highest distribution of intangible cultural heritage projects, followed by Guangxi and Yunnan, indicating an uneven number of intangible cultural heritage projects. (2) A spatial analysis shows the clustered spatial distribution of intangible cultural heritage projects in this area, forming a high-density core area and multiple sub high-density areas with high spatial autocorrelation. (3) The spatial distribution of intangible cultural heritage in the rocky desertification areas of Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guizhou is generally correlated with survival orientation and natural environmental factors and positively correlated with development orientation and social, economic, ethnic, and cultural factors. Among many factors, cultural environment quantity exhibits the strongest correlation with the spatial distribution of intangible cultural heritage. (4) Based on the degree of correlation with different influencing factors, four development strategies are proposed: digitization of intangible cultural heritage inheritance and development, multi-media intangible cultural heritage creation and dissemination, innovative construction of intangible cultural heritage exhibitions, and tourism-driven dynamic inheritance of intangible cultural heritage.
Full article
Open AccessArticle
The Impact of Football Teams’ Transportation on the Carbon Footprint for Away Matches
by
Roman Domański
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4721; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114721 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
Problem: Participating in professional sport involves constant travel. From a review of the literature, the issue of transport in sport (passenger transport) in generating a carbon footprint has already been noted. A reliable assessment of the scale of this phenomenon is currently underway.
[...] Read more.
Problem: Participating in professional sport involves constant travel. From a review of the literature, the issue of transport in sport (passenger transport) in generating a carbon footprint has already been noted. A reliable assessment of the scale of this phenomenon is currently underway. The aim of this article is to assess the carbon footprint of transporting football players to away matches. It is complemented by a proposal to change the way matches are played using the Sports Centre concept. Methods: A systematic literature review was carried out in the theoretical part. The research part was conducted based on EN 16258 and the centre of gravity method. The objects of this study are five selected football clubs from the Polish Ekstraklasa, and their method of travel (by coach) to away matches. Results: The use of alternative (low-carbon) modes of transport reduces GHG levels from 13 per cent (Pogoń Szczecin) to 34 per cent (Jagiellonia Białystok). An interesting solution, although not yet adapted to the current times, is the implementation of the Sports Centre concept, which allows a 48 per cent reduction in the distance travelled (81,940 kgCO2e per year). Conclusions: Football clubs can neutralise their remaining carbon footprint through investments that indirectly contribute to total carbon neutrality, such as the planting of oxygen trees or the installation of a photovoltaic system to completely neutralise the carbon footprint.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Urgency of Decarbonizing the Mobility and Transport System)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
The Impact of Urbanization on Industrial Transformation and Upgrading: Evidence from Early 20th Century China
by
Jiale Wan, Qimeng Wang and Shuangyou Miao
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4720; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114720 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
Urbanization is key to advancing national modernization and regional socioeconomic sustainable development. This paper empirically investigates the impact of urbanization on industrial transformation and upgrading in early 20th-century China, based on historical data from the initial stages of China’s economic development. We utilized
[...] Read more.
Urbanization is key to advancing national modernization and regional socioeconomic sustainable development. This paper empirically investigates the impact of urbanization on industrial transformation and upgrading in early 20th-century China, based on historical data from the initial stages of China’s economic development. We utilized industrial and commercial data from China spanning 1910 to 1927 to construct a fixed-effect model, incorporating instrumental variables to ascertain the causal relationship between urbanization and industrial transformation and upgrading. Additionally, this study tested the hypotheses concerning the effects of human capital and transportation scale, which are identified as the primary channels influencing this relationship. Our findings reveal that (1) the development of urbanization in modern China has significantly promoted industrial transformation and upgrading, and this conclusion remains valid under various robustness tests and the examination of instrumental variables. (2) The improvement in urbanization levels has a more obvious promoting effect on secondary industry, commercial enterprises, and small and medium-sized enterprises, and the positive effect of urbanization on industrial transformation and upgrading is most prominent in the eastern region. (3) Modern Chinese urbanization promoted industrial transformation and upgrading by improving the level of human capital and expanding the scale of transportation. This paper provides historical empirical evidence to study the current social urbanization and industrial policy formulation.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Sustainable Cities and Urban Regions Development: New Challenges and Prospects)
Open AccessArticle
The Effect of Market-Based Environmental Regulations on Green Technology Innovation—The Regulatory Effect Based on Corporate Social Responsibility
by
Tao Wei, Qinlin Zhu and Wenlan Liu
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4719; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114719 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
This study explores the impact of market-based environmental regulations on green technological innovation and the differential regulatory effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on different levels of green technological innovation. By analyzing data from 746 Chinese A-share listed companies from the period of
[...] Read more.
This study explores the impact of market-based environmental regulations on green technological innovation and the differential regulatory effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on different levels of green technological innovation. By analyzing data from 746 Chinese A-share listed companies from the period of 2008–2021, this paper examines the effect of market-based environmental regulations on corporate green technology innovation. The research findings are as follows: (1) Market-based environmental regulations have a significant promoting effect on green technology innovation in enterprises. (2) CSR amplifies the positive influence of market-based environmental on green technological innovation, but it has a greater impact on strategic innovations, like utility model patents, rather than substantial ones, like invention patents. Corporate may use CSR to superficially meet regulatory pressures and stakeholder expectations, focusing more on short-term compliance than on long-term sustainable innovation. Companies might utilize CSR as a superficial means to appease regulatory demands, concentrating on immediate compliance rather than fostering enduring innovation. (3) Market-based environmental regulations facilitate green technological innovation by alleviating enterprise financing constraints and improving the efficiency of innovation resource allocation. (4) The promotion effect of market-based environmental regulations on green technological innovation is particularly evident in state-owned enterprises, heavily polluted industries, and regions with high regulatory levels. The research contribution is to provide valuable insights into the implementation of market-based environmental regulations and firms’ green technological innovation. Specifically, it elucidates the nuanced regulatory effects of corporate social responsibility, presenting a fresh lens through which to reconsider the intricate mechanism of CSR’s role as a conduit between environmental policy and innovative practices.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue ESG Impact Management and Corporate Social Responsibility)
Open AccessArticle
An Integrated Building Information Modeling and Life-Cycle Assessment Approach to Facilitate Design Decisions on Sustainable Building Projects in Canada
by
Parsa Namaki, Bhavya Sree Vegesna, Saeide Bigdellou, Ruizhi Chen and Qian Chen
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4718; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114718 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
In the context of the digital and sustainable transformation of building projects, the integrated approach of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and life-cycle assessment (LCA) has been widely studied. Recent advancements in such integrated modeling processes and techniques have not yet provided reliable and
[...] Read more.
In the context of the digital and sustainable transformation of building projects, the integrated approach of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and life-cycle assessment (LCA) has been widely studied. Recent advancements in such integrated modeling processes and techniques have not yet provided reliable and robust decision-making capabilities for designers to intuitively choose between material alternatives. This study develops a new design framework that integrates BIM, LCA, and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) algorithms to facilitate sustainable design processes in building projects. A case study using a single-family housing project in the British Columbia province of Canada was implemented to test the designs to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed integrated framework, including a three-way comparison of design scenarios—conventional hot-roll steel, recycled steel, and timber. The results indicate a significant performance improvement with the adoption of recycled structural steel materials, surpassing conventional steel designs and demonstrating a similar performance to that of timber designs. The study underscores the importance of informed decision-making in material selection, driven by the quantitative analysis of digital designs and multi-criteria evaluation (e.g., social carbon cost). This integrated framework offers a valuable tool for designers, engineers, and builders to achieve sustainability when designing building projects through the systematic and rapid comparison of environmental performance.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Sustainability Research: A Canadian Perspective)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Risk and Energy Based Optimization for Fire Monitoring System in Utility Tunnel Using Cellular Automata
by
Ying Zhang, Jitao Bai, Yu Diao, Zhonghao Chen, Chu Wang, Kun Yang, Zeng Gao and Huajie Wei
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4717; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114717 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
►▼
Show Figures
Fire is one of the biggest threats to the safety of utility tunnels, and establishing camera-based monitoring systems is conducive to early fire finding and better understanding of the evolution of tunnel fires. However, conventional monitoring systems are being faced with the challenge
[...] Read more.
Fire is one of the biggest threats to the safety of utility tunnels, and establishing camera-based monitoring systems is conducive to early fire finding and better understanding of the evolution of tunnel fires. However, conventional monitoring systems are being faced with the challenge of high energy consumption. In this paper, the camera operation in a utility tunnel was optimized considering both fire risk and energy consumption. Three design variables were investigated, namely the camera sight, the number of cameras in simultaneous operation, and the duration of camera operation. Cellular automata were used as a simple but effective method to simulate the spread of fire in a utility tunnel. Results show that as the number of cameras in simultaneous operation increases, the probability of fire capture also increases, but the energy consumption decreases. A shorter duration of camera operation can lead to a higher probability of fire capture, and meanwhile, lower energy consumption. For the duration of camera operation shorter than or equal to the allowable time, the probability of fire capture is significantly higher than that for the duration longer than the allowable time. Increasing the camera sight will significantly increase the probability of fire capture and lower the total energy consumption when a blind monitoring area exists. The total energy consumption of a camera-based monitoring system roughly satisfies hyperbolic correlation with the duration of camera operation, while the probability of fire capture can be predicted based on the number of cameras in simultaneous operation through a power model. The optimal design for the modeled tunnel section is two cameras in simultaneous operation with a tangent monitoring area. The duration of camera operation should be as short as possible, at least shorter than the allowable time. The study is expected to provide a reference for the sustainable design of energy-saving utility tunnels with lower fire risk.
Full article
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
How Does Organizational Leadership Promote Pro-Environmental Behavior? A Moderated Mediation Model of Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility Policies
by
Chien-Hsiang Huang, Tai-Wei Chang, Chih-Wen Ting and Stanley Y. B. Huang
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4716; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114716 (registering DOI) - 1 Jun 2024
Abstract
Pro-environmental behaviors have been confirmed as an essential source of sustainable development. However, there is limited research exploring its antecedents from the perspective of organizational management mechanisms (e.g., environmental leadership). This article draws on upper-echelon and self-consistency theories to explain why environmental leadership
[...] Read more.
Pro-environmental behaviors have been confirmed as an essential source of sustainable development. However, there is limited research exploring its antecedents from the perspective of organizational management mechanisms (e.g., environmental leadership). This article draws on upper-echelon and self-consistency theories to explain why environmental leadership induces environmental corporate social responsibility policy adoption, which causes employees’ environmental behavior. In addition, the relationship is mediated by environmental identity. This article collected empirical data from 101 technology firm employees, and the results support all hypotheses. Finally, this article addresses a new research stream of leadership concerning pro-environmental behaviors. It demonstrates a novel pathway to promote pro-environmental behaviors through adopting environmental corporate social responsibility policies, which guides a new research direction in terms of environmental organization behaviors.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue ESG Impact Management and Corporate Social Responsibility)
►▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
Open AccessArticle
Owning versus Renting a Home—Prospects for Generation Z
by
Agnieszka Napiórkowska-Baryła, Natalia Świdyńska and Mirosława Witkowska-Dąbrowska
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4715; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114715 (registering DOI) - 31 May 2024
Abstract
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) include sustainable cities and communities. The availability of housing for young people is a contemporary global problem, and the severity of housing problems for young people in many countries is widely discussed and raises important policy questions. Generation
[...] Read more.
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) include sustainable cities and communities. The availability of housing for young people is a contemporary global problem, and the severity of housing problems for young people in many countries is widely discussed and raises important policy questions. Generation Z, described as digital, critical, adventurous, open-minded and, above all, mobile people, is now entering adulthood. The study attempted to identify the housing preferences of young people to determine whether they prefer renting a flat or owning one. Although generation Z differs from older generations in many respects, their perception of the housing issue does not differ significantly from the attitudes presented by older generations. The dominant model of the housing system in Poland, the non-commodified-familial model, which prefers ownership over renting, is also shared by the youngest generation. Hence, the conclusion addressed to the public authorities and the financing system is to enable the expansion of the credit offer supported by a long-term savings plan aimed at young people. Renting as an alternative way of securing housing needs is also perceived positively, with nearly 80% of respondents stating that they would be able to live in rented accommodation, mainly due to greater mobility, rising property prices and reluctance to take out a long-term loan. Hence, we suggest the need to support institutional renting along the lines of other countries with similar housing systems.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Policy Frameworks for Sustainable Development: Balancing Energy, Environmental, Social, and Techno Economic Dimensions)
Open AccessArticle
Investigation of the Mechanical Behaviors of Sustainable Green Reactive Powder Concrete Produced Using Ferrochrome Slag and Waste Fiber
by
Ibrahim Atlı and Metin Ipek
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4714; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114714 (registering DOI) - 31 May 2024
Abstract
Reactive powder concrete (RPC) is a new generation concrete with high strength, used in special structures, and its use is increasing day by day. In this study, instead of using high-strength aggregates typically used in RPC, wastes released in ferrochrome production were used.
[...] Read more.
Reactive powder concrete (RPC) is a new generation concrete with high strength, used in special structures, and its use is increasing day by day. In this study, instead of using high-strength aggregates typically used in RPC, wastes released in ferrochrome production were used. In addition, the possibility of using fibers obtained from end-of-life automobile tires (ELT), instead of the micro steel fibers typically used in RPC, was investigated. Thus, sustainable green reactive powder concrete (GRPC), the material which is obtained from waste materials except the binder and chemical additive, has been developed. As ferrochrome wastes, olivine, serpentine, rum, slag, and pure waste were used as powder and aggregate in GRPC. Firstly, in GRPC without fiber, the physical and mechanical properties of ferrochrome wastes were examined by using different ratios. Then, the optimum mixture was selected, and different ratios of industrial steel and ELT fiber were added to this mixture. As a result, the compressive strength of GRPC using olivine and pure waste (ferrochrome slag) is close to the reference RPC. However, it is 28% more economical. The flexural strength of the samples with a 4% addition of industrial or ELT fiber increased by 182% and 213%, respectively, compared to the reference sample without fiber. With the use of 4% ELT fiber (by volume) in GRPC, the flexural strength increased by 11% compared to the use of industrial steel fiber. In terms of cost, with the use of ferrochrome waste and ELT fiber, GRPC was 48% more economical. When examined in terms of the flexural and compressive unit strength cost, GRPC was approximately 41% more economical. As a result of this study, high-performance concrete with high mechanical properties that is economical, sustainable, and environmentally friendly has been produced by evaluating the use of waste materials.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Waste and Recycling)
Open AccessArticle
Sustainable Governance for Promotional Market Competitiveness in Chinese Airports after COVID-19
by
Yongrok Choi, Siyu Li and Wenying Zhao
Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4713; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114713 - 31 May 2024
Abstract
Like many countries, China’s airports faced severe operational challenges after the COVID-19 outbreak. However, this predicament has been better mitigated by the Chinese government’s strong support for the aviation industry. However, whether this supportive policy can ensure the sustainable development of the industry
[...] Read more.
Like many countries, China’s airports faced severe operational challenges after the COVID-19 outbreak. However, this predicament has been better mitigated by the Chinese government’s strong support for the aviation industry. However, whether this supportive policy can ensure the sustainable development of the industry needs to be further evaluated. In order to better understand the role of government promotional policies, this paper attempts to explore the driving mechanisms behind the sustainable development performance of Chinese airports. Using the bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology, this study evaluates the operational efficiency of 43 major airports over the period from 2015 to 2022. The efficiency scores are compared with the regional distributions of supply and demand factors, as well as the different sizes based on their annual passenger throughput. The overall operational efficiency showed a fluctuating trend of an initial increase followed by a decline due to COVID-19, with significant regional disparities in airport efficiency. Regional differences are evident, with the eastern region having the highest efficiency value of 0.719, while the central region has the lowest efficiency of 0.594. The findings show that airports in the eastern region perform the best due to the proactive market support with rapidly increasing logistics demand, while airports in the west and northeast regions supported by the strong promotional policies follow closely in terms of operational efficiency. In contrast, airports in the central region are much less efficient due to the lack of market or policy support. To analyze more precisely this conflict on the governance, further analyses show that airport size also has a significant impact on the operational efficiency. Larger airports are typically more efficient, while smaller airports are less efficient, implying the market demand is slightly better to promote the airport operational efficiency than the promotional policies. These findings help us to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanism in the sustainable governance behind the operational efficiency of airports and suggest that more market-oriented appropriate policy direction is required to enhance the competitiveness of the aviation industry. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders of the developing countries as well, underlining the necessity not for supply-driven policies, but for the demand–pull efforts to optimize resource allocation and adapt to evolving market dynamics.
Full article
Journal Menu
► ▼ Journal Menu-
- Sustainability Home
- Aims & Scope
- Editorial Board
- Reviewer Board
- Topical Advisory Panel
- Instructions for Authors
- Special Issues
- Topics
- Sections & Collections
- Article Processing Charge
- Indexing & Archiving
- Editor’s Choice Articles
- Most Cited & Viewed
- Journal Statistics
- Journal History
- Journal Awards
- Society Collaborations
- Conferences
- Editorial Office
Journal Browser
► ▼ Journal BrowserHighly Accessed Articles
Latest Books
E-Mail Alert
News
Topics
Topic in
Education Sciences, Entropy, JAL, Societies, Sustainability
Sustainability in Aging and Depopulation Societies
Topic Editors: Shiro Horiuchi, Gregor Wolbring, Takeshi MatsudaDeadline: 15 June 2024
Topic in
Laws, Societies, Sustainability
Cannabis Legalization in the United States: Public Policy, Social Welfare, and Public Health Implications
Topic Editors: Robert Mark Silverman, Kelly PattersonDeadline: 30 June 2024
Topic in
Agronomy, Environments, Microorganisms, Pollutants, Sustainability, Water
Soil and Water Pollution Process and Remediation Technologies, 2nd Volume
Topic Editors: Hongbiao Cui, Ru Wang, Yu Shi, Haiying Lu, Lin ChenDeadline: 15 July 2024
Topic in
Atmosphere, Energies, JMSE, Sustainability, Wind
Wind, Wave and Tidal Energy Technologies in China
Topic Editors: Wei Shi, Qihu Sheng, Fengmei Jing, Dahai Zhang, Puyang ZhangDeadline: 31 July 2024
Conferences
Special Issues
Special Issue in
Sustainability
Sustainable Education in the Digital Society: Applying Communication Technologies and Digital Tools to Education
Guest Editors: Melchor Gómez-García, Julio Ruiz-Palmero, Moussa Boumadan, Roberto Soto-VarelaDeadline: 5 June 2024
Special Issue in
Sustainability
Human Behavior, Urban Health and Sustainability
Guest Editors: Hao Wu, Lingbo Liu, Yang YuDeadline: 15 June 2024
Special Issue in
Sustainability
Sustainable Materials, Manufacturing and Design
Guest Editors: Adil Saeed, Shagufta KhanDeadline: 30 June 2024
Special Issue in
Sustainability
IoT and Sustainability
Guest Editor: Seung Hyun JeonDeadline: 10 July 2024
Topical Collections
Topical Collection in
Sustainability
Tourism Research and Regional Sciences
Collection Editors: Lóránt Dénes Dávid, Laszlo VASA, Setiawan Priatmoko
Topical Collection in
Sustainability
Mobile Technology, Gamification and Artificial Intelligence to Improve Sustainability in Education
Collection Editors: Eloy López Meneses, Esteban Vázquez-Cano, María Elena Parra-González
Topical Collection in
Sustainability
Urban Planning and Built Environment
Collection Editors: Yupeng Wang, Liyang Fan, Shi-Jie Cao, Xilian Luo
Topical Collection in
Sustainability
Sustainable Soil Management in a Changing Climate
Collection Editors: Georgios Koubouris, José Alfonso Gómez, Luuk Fleskens, Giuseppe Montanaro